Seven seas and seven islands are in Maha Bhūmi. Jambudwīpa is situated in the middle which is divided into nine continents. The continent in the south is called Bharata Khanda. Swayambhuva Manu resides in Bharatpura of this continent. Many virtuous people and sages are under the rule of Manu. They administer the worlds and enforce principles of righteousness and unrighteousness. Surrounding the seven islands on Maha Bhūmi, mountains called Charachara, Chakravala, and Lokāloka rise up to the Swarga Loka. These are layers that do not allow any light to penetrate through them. Therefore, the area between the Lokāloka Mountain and the wall of the universe is always dark. The wall of the universe has a thickness of one crore yojanas. Below Maha Bhūmi seven netherworlds exist. They are called Sapta Patalas.

 

The rulers of the islands as their first emperors, and the gods responsible for the maintenance of the islands are 

1. Jambudwīpa in Maha Bhūmi was ruled by Swayambhuva Manu (the first of the manus) as the first emperor, his sons became kings for the other islands.

2. Medatidhi ruled Plaksha Dwīpa. In Plaksha Dwīpa Aryaka, "Kurara, Vindaka, and Bhavina" are the four castes who reside. For them, Lord Vishnu in the shape of a moon is the deity

3. Vapushmanta ruled Salmama Dwīpa. In Salmali Dwīpa, "Kapila Varna, Chakravāka Varna, Pita Varna, and Krishna Varna" are the four castes who reside. They are worshippers of Lord Vishnu.

4. Jyotishmanta ruled Kusa Dwīpa. In Kusa Dwīpa, "Dami, Sushmina, Sneha, and Mandeha" are the four castes who reside. For them, Lord Brahma is the deity of worship.

5. Duthimanta ruled Krouncha Dwīpa. In Krouncha Dwīpa, “Pushkara, Pushkala, Dhanya, and Pishya” are the four castes who reside. For them, Lord Rudra is the deity of worship.

6. Havya ruled Saka Dwīpa. In Saka Dwīpa, “Manga, Magadha, Manasa, Manda” are the four castes who reside. They worship the Sun God.

7. Savana ruled Pushkara Dwīpa. In Pushkara Dwīpa there are no castes. All are happy like celestials without suffering from any disease or sorrow. For them, Lord Brahma is the deity of worship.

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“In Jambudwīpa of our Earth, Bharat Varsha, Kimpurusha Varsha, Hari Varsha, Ketumala Varsha, Ilavruta Varsha, Bhadraswa Varsha, Ramyaka Varsha, Hiranyaka Varsha and Kuru Varsha are there. Just as Jambudwīpa with the division of continents exists on Maha Bhūmi, another Jambudwīpa with the bifurcation of regions exists in Earth’s hemisphere. Maha Bhūmi is round with an elevated area in the middle like the shell of a tortoise. This is called Bhūmandala. The globe of the earth is, however, like a lemon fruit. Maha Bhūmi encircles Meru Rekha and extends up to the wall of the brahmānda. The earth is exactly in the middle of the circle of illumination. Jambudwīpa lies encircling the line of Meru Mountain which is in the middle of the Maha Bhūmi. Seven seas and islands are situated around it. On the Earth the northern hemisphere is called the deva part and the Southern hemisphere is called the asura part. At the centre, which is the equidistant point of the Maha Bhūmi, is the Meru Mountain with a divine glow. It is the habitation of Manus who rule over the humans. Bhūgola is the place of humans who are under the rule of Manus. The wheel of illumination is placed on the top of the Chakravala Mountain which is situated around the Maha Bhūmi. Bhūgola is, however, situated differently. The glowing wheel of illumination encircled by the seven orbits rotates round the earth once a day. In Maha Bhūmi, cold, heat, and other climatic changes are less. It is always day there, with no night and no difference in time. It is different in Bhūgola. Only on account of the results of righteous acts of merit, one can reach Maha Bhūmi. Bhūgola is the land of action for earning punya. People with gross bodies have to live on Earth. In Maha Bhūmi small pralayas (deluges) do not take place, only the Manu pralayas (Great apocalypses at the end of a Manvantara (world cycle)) take place. In Bhūgola yuga pralayas (Smaller apocalypses at the end of a Yuga (age)), maha yuga pralayas (Greater apocalypses at the end of a Yuga cycle) and Manu pralaya happen.

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“Maha Bhūmi is called Dhatri and Vidhatri. Bhūgola is called Mahi, Urvi, Kshiti, Prithivi, and Bhūmi. The description of netherworlds is such that ghosts live in Atala, guhyakās live in Vitala, demons live in Sutala, and spirits abound live in Rasatala. Yakshas reside in Talatala, manes live in Mahatala and serpents live in Pātala.

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“Kubera resides in Vitala. He is the Lord of Navanidhis (nine treasures). He is the treasurer for the brahmānda (Universe). He is the ruler of the northern side. His capital is Alakapuri in Vitala. Māya lives in Yoginipura, which is on the western side of Meru in the same Vitala. He is the architect for demons. He constructed three townships, which can go high in the sky, for Tripurasuras, three townships which can cruise in high altitudes in the sky.

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“Yamadharma Raja (Lord of Death) rules Vaivasvatapura in Sutala. He is the Lord of the southern side. A river of blazing flame is at the entrance of that town. This is called Vytarini (A river to be crossed in hell). People having merits can cross this river easily, but it is very difficult for sinners.

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“A demon Niruti rules Punyanagar in Rasatala. He is the Lord of the south-western side. Bhetala with hordes of devils dwells in Dhanishtapura in Talatala. The consort of Katyayani, Īsana, lives with all Bhūta Ganas in Kailasa of Mahatala. He is the ruler of northeast. “Srīman Nārayana Murthy resides in Vaikunta Nagaram in Pātala. He is here with all his splendour. He lives with the spirits of Pātala, Vasuki and other superior serpents. He rests on the couch of Sesha Nāgu. This is also called Karya Vaikunta situated in Swetadwīpa.

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“In the last Pātala Loka, there are three tier segments. In the first segment, bodyless creatures live. In the second segment, groups of ghosts stay. In the third segment, creatures who take bodies of suffering remain immersed in great misery. In a place, called Niralamba Sūchyāgrasthan, sinners of heinous crimes find a place.

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The Bhūgola (The globe) and the Maha Bhūmi in Bhūloka are different. Surya Loka shines in Meru Rekha in the area that extends up to the upper Polar Star in the upper region above the central point of Bhūgola.  Surya Loka is situated one hundred thousand brahmānda yojanas from the central point of the earth. This is the world where the presiding deity Sun God lives. In the same way, Chandra Loka, Angaraka Loka, Budha Loka, Guru Loka, Sukra Loka, Sanaychara Loka, the loka of the presiding deity of Rasis, the loka of deity of stars, the loka of Seven Sages, and the upper Dhruva Loka exist. Besides these, there are many other lokas. The following lokas are situated at distances from the central point of the Earth as shown below: